SAN GIUSTINO
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Bufalini
San Giustino |
San Giustino
This very ancient Umbrian town, as is testified by bronze finds in the area (Monte Giove, Le Capanne, Panicale), was densely populated even in Roman times.
Its name derives from that of a Roman soldier who was martyred in 303 near Città di Castello, when he was discovered spreading the Christian faith.
The earliest territorial apportionment of the commune of San Giustino harks back to the IVth century A.D. Originally an ecclesiastic subdivision, it involved the administration as well, since the communal territory was split into parishes which corresponded to the wards.
Once a fief belonging to the Dotti family, it later passed to the Bufalinis. Local history is closely bound both to this powerful fa-mily of nobles during the l6th C., and to Città di Castello.
Right in the town centre rises Bufalini Castle, one of the finest testimonials of a patrician stately home, and still magnificently preserved.
in 1814, at the end of French domination, San Giustino returned under the Papal State which in 1817 granted it autonomy, albeit enfeoffed to Città di Castello. On September 21, 1828 Pope Leo XII declared it "in perpetuo, an independent and autonomous Municipality". On September 11, 1860 it became part of the kingdom of Italy, after liberation by the troops of the Romag-nese general Manfredo Fanti.
Its territory includes Cospaia (a singular republic from 1440 to 1826), where the earliest italian tobacco was cultivated in 1575. At first it was known as "tornabuona herb", after the Abbot Nicolò Tornabuoni of nearby Sansepolcro, who brought back some seeds on returning from a mission in Spain.
To be seen:
in the centre of San Giustino, the massive structure of Castello Bufalini, a former fortress belonging to the Castellani family, and granted to Nicolò di Manno Bufalini in 1487.
On that occasion the construction of the corner towers was authorised, on condition that the structure would provide a defence for Città di Castello. The appearance is that of a true for tress, transformed by Vasari into a sumptuous villa and stately home. Recently purchased by the Municipality, it will soon be possible to visit its rooms, with period furnishings and magnificent frescoes by Gherardi. The Italian-style park within its walls also contains a labyrinth.
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